Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

Ovaprim Dosage Optimization for Spawning Induction of G6 Transgenic Mutiara Catfish

2026-06-06T09:55:41+00:00

Background: Optimization of Ovaprim dosage is necessary to improve spawning success in sixth-generation (G6) transgenic Mutiara catfish carrying the Clarias gariepinus growth hormone (CgGH) gene, whose reproductive performance has not yet been comprehensively evaluated despite stable transgene inheritance and superior growth traits.

Aims: This study aims to determine the optimal dose of Ovaprim hormone for the success of semi-artificial spawning induction of sixth generation (G6) transgenic Mutiara catfish broodstock based on reproductive parameters including relative fecundity, egg diameter, fertilization rate (FR), hatching rate (HR), and survival rate (SR).

Study Design: The study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and three replications.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Hatchery Building 4, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, from July 2025 to March 2026.

Methodology: The study used 32 G6 transgenic Mutiara catfish broodstock, consisting of 16 males and 16 females. The treatments consisted of varying doses of the Ovaprim hormone: Treatment A (0.2 mL/kg male broodstock + 0.6 mL/kg female broodstock), B (0.3 mL/kg + 0.3 mL/kg), C (0.4 mL/kg + 0.4 mL/kg), and D (0.5 mL/kg + 0.5 mL/kg). Observed parameters included relative fecundity, egg diameter, FR, HR, and SR. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's test using SigmaPlot 16.0 software.

Results: The results showed that the treatments had a highly significant effect (P<0.05) on all reproductive parameters. The highest relative fecundity value was obtained in Treatment D, at 130,303 eggs/kg broodstock, but no improvement was observed in other parameters. Meanwhile, treatment C produced a fecundity of 85.00 eggs/kg, an egg diameter of 1.36 ± 0.14 mm, the highest fertilization rate of 92.39%, a hatching rate of 90.75%, and a survival rate of 85.32%. Duncan's test results showed that treatment C produced higher spawning parameter test results than the other treatments.

Conclusion: The Ovaprim dose of 0.4 mL/kg male broodstock weight and 0.4 mL/kg female broodstock weight is the most optimal dose for semi-artificial spawning induction in G6 transgenic mutiara catfish because it produces the highest fertilization rate, hatching rate, and survival rate. Excessive Ovaprim doses (more than 0.5 ml/kg) cause excessive egg maturation resulting in micropylar blockage and reducing the ability of sperm to fertilize eggs, while low doses (suboptimal) are considered unable to stimulate gonadotropin release optimally so that the final oocyte maturation process does not occur perfectly.

Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, and Molecular Docking Studies of a Novel Au (III) Complex with a Bis-Azo Dye Ligand: Evaluation of its Potential as an Antioxidant and Anti-breast Cancer Agent

2026-06-10T09:13:13+00:00

The development of metal-based therapeutics remains a cornerstone of modern medicinal chemistry. In this study, a novel Au (III) complex was synthesized using the heterocyclic bis-azo dye ligand 2,2-[1,1'-(1,1')-Dimethylphenyl azo]-bis-benzylphenol (O-TPAN). Characterization via 1H-NMR, UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, and SEM confirmed a [M2(L)2Clx] stoichiometry, suggesting an octahedral coordination environment where the ligand acts as bidentate through the azo nitrogen and phenolic oxygen. Antioxidant evaluation using the phosphomolybdate assay demonstrated that the Au (III) complex exhibits superior radical scavenging activity compared to the free ligand, rivaling ascorbic acid. Furthermore, MTT assays against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line revealed significant dose-dependent cytotoxicity (IC50 = 114.0 µg/mL) with high selectivity, as evidenced by minimal toxicity toward normal human dermal fibroblasts (HdFn). Molecular docking simulations with protein kinase (1HK7) further elucidated the binding mechanisms, positioning this complex as a potent candidate for targeted breast cancer therapy.

Agricultural Biotechnology for Climate-Resilient Farming Systems in Odisha, India: Advances, Field Evidence and Future Strategies

2026-06-04T08:15:26+00:00

Agriculture in Odisha is highly vulnerable to climate variability, including floods, droughts, cyclones, salinity intrusion and rising temperature stress, which significantly affect crop productivity and livelihood security. In this context, agricultural biotechnology has emerged as an important approach for developing climate-resilient and sustainable farming systems. This review examines recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology and their relevance to Odisha’s agro-ecosystems.

The review summarizes biotechnology-based interventions such as stress-tolerant crop varieties, biofertilizers, biopesticides, marker-assisted selection, CRISPR-based genome editing and AI-assisted precision agriculture. Field-level evidence from Odisha and eastern India indicates that submergence-tolerant rice varieties improve yield stability under flood conditions, while millet-based systems integrated with microbial biofertilizers enhance productivity and farmer income in drought-prone regions. The review further discusses the role of microbial biotechnology, digital agriculture and integrated climate-smart farming approaches in improving soil health, nutrient-use efficiency and environmental sustainability.

The study also highlights major constraints limiting biotechnology adoption, including inadequate awareness, weak extension services, fragmented landholdings and limited access to quality bio-inputs. A brief literature-based review methodology and current limitations of available regional data are considered in the analysis. Overall, the review concludes that location-specific and farmer-centered biotechnology interventions, supported by policy integration and institutional strengthening, can significantly contribute to climate-resilient and sustainable agricultural development in Odisha and other climate-vulnerable regions.